feat(cmat): add cmake build for course material

Add a CMakeLists.txt to each exercise directory, included from
cmat/CMakeLists.txt, so every exercise and solution becomes a buildable
target. GUI exercises link the curses-based DOS_Unix implementations on
Unix-like systems; the Windows-specific DOS variants are not compiled.
Exercises without a portable path or with missing dependencies (Boost)
are reported as not available at configure time.

Targets are excluded from the default build and built by name, e.g.
`cmake --build build --target Ex11`, so intentionally buggy exercises
such as Ex21 do not break the default build.

Also fix two portability issues: rename Ex11bug/pole.h to Pole.h for
case-sensitive filesystems and drop the extra Light:: qualification in
SolutionEx71A/Light.h. Document build commands and layout in AGENTS.md.

Co-authored-by: Qwen 3.8 27B <qwen3.8_27b-q3_k_xl@lmstudio.local>

cmat/Ex61/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Ex61
+
+cmat_add_exercise(Ex61
+    SOURCES
+    main.cpp
+    Person.cpp
+    PersonException.cpp
+    YoungPerson.cpp
+)

cmat/Ex61/Ex61.sln

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
+# Visual Studio 2013
+VisualStudioVersion = 12.0.21005.1
+MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
+Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "Ex61", "Ex61.vcxproj", "{71B1E667-58E2-4C71-A6A3-73F9502928D7}"
+EndProject
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug|Win32 = Debug|Win32
+		Release|Win32 = Release|Win32
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+		{71B1E667-58E2-4C71-A6A3-73F9502928D7}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Debug|Win32
+		{71B1E667-58E2-4C71-A6A3-73F9502928D7}.Debug|Win32.Build.0 = Debug|Win32
+		{71B1E667-58E2-4C71-A6A3-73F9502928D7}.Release|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
+		{71B1E667-58E2-4C71-A6A3-73F9502928D7}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
+		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
+	EndGlobalSection
+EndGlobal

cmat/Ex61/Ex61.vcproj

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding = "Windows-1252"?>
+<VisualStudioProject
+	ProjectType="Visual C++"
+	Version="7.00"
+	Name="Ex61"
+	ProjectGUID="{71B1E667-58E2-4C71-A6A3-73F9502928D7}"
+	Keyword="ManagedCProj">
+	<Platforms>
+		<Platform
+			Name="Win32"/>
+	</Platforms>
+	<Configurations>
+		<Configuration
+			Name="Debug|Win32"
+			OutputDirectory="Debug"
+			IntermediateDirectory="Debug"
+			ConfigurationType="1"
+			CharacterSet="2"
+			ManagedExtensions="TRUE">
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCLCompilerTool"
+				Optimization="0"
+				PreprocessorDefinitions="WIN32;_DEBUG"
+				MinimalRebuild="FALSE"
+				BasicRuntimeChecks="0"
+				RuntimeLibrary="1"
+				WarningLevel="3"
+				DebugInformationFormat="3"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCustomBuildTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCLinkerTool"
+				OutputFile="$(OutDir)/Ex61.exe"
+				LinkIncremental="2"
+				GenerateDebugInformation="TRUE"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCMIDLTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPostBuildEventTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreBuildEventTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreLinkEventTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCResourceCompilerTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCWebServiceProxyGeneratorTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCWebDeploymentTool"/>
+		</Configuration>
+		<Configuration
+			Name="Release|Win32"
+			OutputDirectory="Release"
+			IntermediateDirectory="Release"
+			ConfigurationType="1"
+			CharacterSet="2"
+			ManagedExtensions="TRUE">
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCLCompilerTool"
+				Optimization="2"
+				InlineFunctionExpansion="1"
+				PreprocessorDefinitions="WIN32;NDEBUG"
+				MinimalRebuild="FALSE"
+				WarningLevel="3"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCCustomBuildTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCLinkerTool"
+				OutputFile="$(OutDir)/Ex61.exe"
+				LinkIncremental="1"
+				GenerateDebugInformation="TRUE"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCMIDLTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPostBuildEventTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreBuildEventTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCPreLinkEventTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCResourceCompilerTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCWebServiceProxyGeneratorTool"/>
+			<Tool
+				Name="VCWebDeploymentTool"/>
+		</Configuration>
+	</Configurations>
+	<Files>
+		<Filter
+			Name="Source Files"
+			Filter="cpp;c;cxx;def;odl;idl;hpj;bat;asm">
+			<File
+				RelativePath="Person.cpp">
+			</File>
+			<File
+				RelativePath="PersonException.cpp">
+			</File>
+			<File
+				RelativePath="YoungPerson.cpp">
+			</File>
+			<File
+				RelativePath="main.cpp">
+			</File>
+		</Filter>
+		<Filter
+			Name="Header Files"
+			Filter="h;hpp;hxx;hm;inl;inc">
+			<File
+				RelativePath="Person.h">
+			</File>
+			<File
+				RelativePath="PersonException.h">
+			</File>
+			<File
+				RelativePath="YoungPerson.h">
+			</File>
+		</Filter>
+	</Files>
+	<Globals>
+	</Globals>
+</VisualStudioProject>

cmat/Ex61/Ex61.vcxproj

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="14.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
+    <ProjectGuid>{71B1E667-58E2-4C71-A6A3-73F9502928D7}</ProjectGuid>
+    <Keyword>ManagedCProj</Keyword>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <CharacterSet>MultiByte</CharacterSet>
+    <CLRSupport>OldSyntax</CLRSupport>
+    <PlatformToolset>v140</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <CharacterSet>MultiByte</CharacterSet>
+    <CLRSupport>false</CLRSupport>
+    <PlatformToolset>v140</PlatformToolset>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
+  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="PropertySheets">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="PropertySheets">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <_ProjectFileVersion>10.0.30319.1</_ProjectFileVersion>
+    <OutDir Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">Debug\</OutDir>
+    <IntDir Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">Debug\</IntDir>
+    <LinkIncremental Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">true</LinkIncremental>
+    <OutDir Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">Release\</OutDir>
+    <IntDir Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">Release\</IntDir>
+    <LinkIncremental Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">false</LinkIncremental>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <MinimalRebuild>false</MinimalRebuild>
+      <BasicRuntimeChecks>Default</BasicRuntimeChecks>
+      <RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDebugDLL</RuntimeLibrary>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <DebugInformationFormat>ProgramDatabase</DebugInformationFormat>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <OutputFile>$(OutDir)Ex61.exe</OutputFile>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
+      <InlineFunctionExpansion>OnlyExplicitInline</InlineFunctionExpansion>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <MinimalRebuild>false</MinimalRebuild>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <OutputFile>$(OutDir)Ex61.exe</OutputFile>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="Person.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="PersonException.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="YoungPerson.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="main.cpp" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="Person.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="PersonException.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="YoungPerson.h" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
+  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
+  </ImportGroup>
+</Project>

cmat/Ex61/Ex61.vcxproj.filters

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Filter Include="Source Files">
+      <UniqueIdentifier>{216ad10e-da13-4e74-bd7b-3d1fd4babd53}</UniqueIdentifier>
+      <Extensions>cpp;c;cxx;def;odl;idl;hpj;bat;asm</Extensions>
+    </Filter>
+    <Filter Include="Header Files">
+      <UniqueIdentifier>{57ab839f-9334-4b02-aa8e-af153d217a12}</UniqueIdentifier>
+      <Extensions>h;hpp;hxx;hm;inl;inc</Extensions>
+    </Filter>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="Person.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="PersonException.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="YoungPerson.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="main.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="Person.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="PersonException.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="YoungPerson.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+  </ItemGroup>
+</Project>

cmat/Ex61/Ex61.vcxproj.user

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+</Project>

cmat/Ex61/Person.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#include "Person.h"
+#include "PersonException.h"
+#include "YoungPerson.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+using std::cout;
+
+Person::Person(std::string name, int age) : name(name), age(age) {
+    if (age < 0) {
+        throw PersonException("negative age");
+    }
+
+    cout << "Person ctor\n";
+    Count++;
+}
+
+Person::Person(const Person &) {
+    cout << "Copy ctor\n";
+    Count++;
+}
+
+Person::~Person() {
+    cout << "Dtor\n";
+    Count--;
+}
+
+void Person::setSalary(int sal) {
+    if (sal < 0) {
+        throw PersonException("negative salary");
+    }
+
+    salary = sal;
+}
+
+int Person::GetCount() { return Count; }
+
+int Person::Count = 0;

cmat/Ex61/Person.h

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+
+
+#ifndef Person_h
+#define Person_h
+
+#include <string>
+
+class Person {
+  public:
+    virtual ~Person();
+
+    static int GetCount();
+
+    Person(std::string name, int age);
+
+    void setSalary(int sal);
+
+  private:
+    Person(const Person &);
+
+    std::string name;
+    int age;
+    int salary;
+
+    static int Count;
+};
+
+#endif

cmat/Ex61/PersonException.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "PersonException.h"
+
+PersonException::PersonException(std::string m) : msg(m) {}
+
+const char *PersonException::what() const throw() { return msg.c_str(); }

cmat/Ex61/PersonException.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef Person_Exception_h
+#define Person_Exception_h
+
+#include <exception>
+#include <string>
+
+class PersonException : public std::exception {
+  public:
+    PersonException(std::string m);
+    const char *what() const throw();
+
+  private:
+    std::string msg;
+};
+
+#endif

cmat/Ex61/YoungPerson.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "YoungPerson.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+YoungPerson::YoungPerson(std::string name, int age) : Person(name, age) { std::cout << "YoungPerson ctor\n"; }

cmat/Ex61/YoungPerson.h

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+
+
+#ifndef YoungPerson_h
+#define YoungPerson_h
+
+#include "Person.h"
+
+class YoungPerson : public Person {
+  public:
+    YoungPerson(std::string name, int age);
+};
+
+#endif

cmat/Ex61/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+
+#include <exception>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "Person.h"
+
+#include "PersonException.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+using std::cin;
+using std::cout;
+using std::string;
+using std::exception;
+
+int main() {
+    std::vector<Person *> people;
+
+    string namePrompt = "Enter name: ";
+    string name;
+    string agePrompt = "Enter age: ";
+    int age;
+    string salaryPrompt = "Enter salary: ";
+    int salary;
+
+    cout << namePrompt;
+    cin >> name;
+
+    while (name != "q") {
+        try {
+            cout << agePrompt;
+            cin >> age;
+
+            if (!cin) {
+                cin.clear();
+                string dummy;
+                cin >> dummy;
+                throw PersonException("invalid age");
+            }
+
+            Person *personPtr = new Person(name, age);
+
+            cout << salaryPrompt;
+            cin >> salary;
+            if (!cin) {
+                cin.clear();
+                string dummy;
+                cin >> dummy;
+                throw PersonException("invalid salary");
+            }
+
+            personPtr->setSalary(salary);
+
+            people.push_back(personPtr);
+        }
+
+        catch (exception &e) {
+            cout << "PersonException thrown: " << e.what() << '\n';
+        }
+
+        cout << "There are " << Person::GetCount() << " Person(s), " << people.size() << " in vector\n";
+
+        cout << namePrompt;
+        cin >> name;
+    }
+
+    // delete all the person(s) in the vector
+    for (std::vector<Person *>::iterator iter = people.begin(); iter != people.end(); ++iter) {
+        delete *iter;
+    }
+
+    cout << "There are " << Person::GetCount() << " Person(s) left dangling\n";
+
+    return 0;
+}